VII/231 Catalog of bright diffuse Galactic nebulae (Cederblad, 1946)
Studies of bright diffuse galactic nebulae with special regard to
their spatial distribution
Cederblad S.
<Lund Medd. Astron. Obs. Ser. II, 119, 1 (1946)>
=1946MeLu2.119....1C 1946MeLu2.119....1C
ADC_Keywords: Nebulae ; Diffuse clouds ; Magnitudes
Description:
The Catalog of bright diffuse Galactic nebulae was compiled in the
frame of a thesis investigating the spatial distribution and the
geometrical properties of bright diffuse Galactic nebulae, together
with some inquiries into the interstellar absorption problem. It is a
mostly complete compilation of the knowledge about bright galactic
nebulae around 1945.
Global parameters derived for each nebula include a classification,
the apparent dimensions, and distance estimations; the Catalog
includes also extensive notes, and its bibliography covers the period
1877 to 1941.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 148 330 Catalog of bright diffuse Galactic nebulae
notes.dat 80 889 Bibliographical notes and remarks to the catalog
refs.dat 80 1507 *Bibliography of books and papers relating to
bright diffuse galactic nebulae, 1877-1941
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Note on refs.dat:
As far as possible the author has consulted the books and papers
listed in the Bibliography. When direct checks have not been possible
it has been deemed necessary to ensure completion by means of
available second hand sources. In some few cases an exact title has
not been accessible; a brief reference to the topic in question has
then been given within brackets. The abbreviations used have mainly
been chosen in accordance with those employed in the Astronomischer
Jahresbericht. The periodical publication "Knowledge" is not
accessible within Sweden, with the exception of some few Separate
numbers. It is thus to be feared that articles relevant in the present
connection (e.g. by Barnard, Ranyard, and Roberts) have
unintentionally been omitted by the author. As a rule, comprehending
reviews of a purely popular kind have been excluded. The references
concerning adjoining branches of Astronomy (dark nebulae, novae, open
clusters, planetaries) have been restricted to a necessary minimum.
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See also:
VII/9 : Lynds' Catalogue of Bright Nebulae (Lynds 1965)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Ced [1/215] Sequential number (Ced NNNa in Simbad)
4 A1 --- m_Ced [a-z] Subdivision letter
6- 16 A11 --- Name Other name of the nebula
17- 18 I2 h RAh Right ascension (1900)
20- 23 F4.1 min RAm Right ascension (1900)
24 A1 --- u_RAm Uncertainty flag on right ascension
25 A1 --- DE- Declination sign (1900)
26- 27 I2 deg DEd Declination (1900)
29- 30 I2 arcmin DEm ? Declination (1900)
31 A1 --- u_DEd Uncertainty flag on Declination
33- 37 F5.1 deg G1Lon Galactic longitude (5)
39- 43 F5.1 deg G1Lat Galactic latitude(5)
44 A1 --- u_G1Lat Uncertainty flag on G1Lat
45- 56 A12 --- Star Star name
57- 61 F5.2 mag pmag ? Photographic magnitude of the star
62 A1 --- u_pmag [v:] Uncertainty flag on pmag (v: variable)
64- 68 F5.2 mag vmag ? Visual magnitude of the star
69 A1 --- u_vmag [v:] Uncertainty flag on vmag (v: variable)
71- 78 A8 --- SpType Spectrum of the star associated with the nebula
79- 84 F6.3 [arcmin] loga1 ? Value of log(a1) in Hubble's law (1)
85 A1 --- n_loga1 [:] ":" when no reduction to Hubble's system
has been possible
87- 89 A3 --- SpNeb Spectrum of the nebula (2)
91- 93 A3 --- Class Nebular class (3)
96-100 F5.1 arcmin Dim1 ? Apparent dimension of the nebula
102-106 F5.1 arcmin Dim2 ? Apparent dimension of the nebula
107 A1 --- n_Dim2 [?:v] Notes on dimensions (v: variable)
109-114 F6.4 arcsec plx ? Adopted parallax
115 A1 --- u_plx Uncertainty flag on plx
117-124 A8 --- Method Parallax method used (4)
125-128 I4 pc Dist ? Adopted Distance
129 A1 --- u_Dist Uncertainty flag on Dist
131-135 I5 pc x ? Linear heliocentric galactic coordinate
(x=r*cosl*cosb) (5)
138-142 I5 pc y ? Linear heliocentric galactic coordinate
(y=r*sinl*cosb) (5)
144-147 I4 pc z ? Linear heliocentric galactic coordinate
(z=r*sinb) (5)
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Note (1): Hubble's law expresses the relation between
the brightness (m) of a star illuminating the nebula and its
maximal distance (a1) to the nebular boundary, as:
m + 5 log(a1) = B
where B is a constant equal to 11.61 if a1 is expressed in arcmin,
assuming isotropic light reflection and zero absorption.
Note (2): Spectrum of the nebula:
E = emission established by observation
e = emission inferred from the spectral type of the exciting star
C = continuous spectrum established by observations
c = continuous spectrum inferred from the spectral type of the
illuminating star
Note (3): Classification of Bright Diffuse Nebulae:
A: Nebulous clusters.
1: Milky nebulosity covering the clusters. (Ex. NGC 1976)
2: Patches of nebulosity adhering to individual stars
of the cluster. (Ex. The Pleiades)
3: Cluster with nebulous envelop of intricate structure.
(Ex. NGC 2175)
B: Nebulae associated with mainly one star (which may be multiple)
1: Star surrounded by a nebulous envelope without conspicuous
structure. (Ex. λ Scorpii)
2: Star surrounded by a nebulous envelope with conspicuous
structure. (Ex. IC 5146)
3: Fan-shaped object. (Ex. IC 59)
4: Nebula with bright rim. (Ex. IC 434)
5: Large nebulous region illuminated by a star outside its border.
(Ex. NGC 7000)
6: Quasi-planetary, representing a transitional type between
real planetaries and bright diffuse nebulae. (Ex. NGC 1514)
C: Nebulae without definite relation to certain stars.
1: Detached nebula with discernible structure. (Ex. NGC 6992)
2: Background veil of a nebulous region. (Ex. The Taurus veil)
Note (4): Methods are marked as follows:
a = spectral parallaxes of associated stars
b,c = parallaxes from proper motions of associated stars
d = differential secular parallaxes according to the method devised
by J.C. Kapteyn
e,f = parallaxes based on star counts
g = dynamical parallaxes of associated stars
h = trigonometric parallaxes of associated stars
i = minimum parallaxes from foreground stars
j = parallaxes from reflection of starlight against dark matter in the
case of nebulae associated with novae and variable stars
k = parallaxes from internal motions of the nebulae
l = parallaxes from the effect of differential galactic rotation on
stellar velocities and interstellar line displacements
m = parallaxes from intensities of interstellar lines
n = parallaxes of open clusters involved in nebulae
Note (5): the galactic coordinates refer to the old system, several
degrees away from the modern galactic frame.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Ced [1/215] Sequential number
5- 80 A76 --- Note Text of the note (1)
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Note (1): The remarks to the catalogue are self-explanatory.
The catalogue acronyms used are:
GC = John Herschel's and Dreyer's General Catalogue of nebulae and
clusters (Compare ante p 24)., 1888MmRAS..49....1D 1888MmRAS..49....1D
(NGC Catalog, see VII/1)
H = William Herschel.
h = John Herschel.
The designations H, or h, followed by a number, refer to William and
John Herschel's successive catalogues of nebulae and clusters.
(Compare Chapter I:2).
M = Messier, 1850CDT..1784..227M 1850CDT..1784..227M
HD = the Henry Draper catalogue, Cat. III/135
Boss = General Catalogue of 33342 stars for the epoch 1950 by
Benjamin Boss, Cat. I/113
In this file have been collected some data and additional references
extracted from the card catalogue of bright diffuse galactic nebulae
which has been brought together by the author. The current numbers
refer to the catalogue entries of the present paper.
The content of the bibliographical notes may be summarized as follows:
1. Synonyms of the objects.
2. When known, the name of the discoverer and the year of discovery have
been given together with a reference to the source of this data. If
the discoverer is not known for certain, the word "source" has been
used in combination with a reference to the earliest known paper where
the object in question is mentioned. If a series of synonyms is
followed by a year of discovery, the discoverer is the last one in the
series. Thus, "NGC 3199 = GC 2067 = h3239. Disc.1835", means that the
nebula was discovered by John Herschel in 1835.
3. Each nebula has been supplied with references to those papers in the
bibliography where it has been treated. Here, some restrictions have
been introduced with regard to completeness. Thus, a selection has
been deemed necessary with regard to published photographical
reproductions of galactic nebulae. Further, the author has not aimed
at completeness concerning all papers were a certain nebula has only
been mentioned without further information of interest.
References to papers in Holden's bibliography have not been included,
as Holden has given no current enumeration. An explicit quotation of
these papers - which afford for the most part a historical interest
only - would have unduly augmented the present section.
Besides, references to earlier publications are to be found in the NGC
and in some of the papers of the bibliography, e.g. in (114) and
(119). No (481) in the bibliography (Lundmark's manuscript) contains
(mostly stellar) data for the following nebulae in the catalogue: No:
3, 4, 7, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19, 20 , 22, 25, 28, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37,
38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 46, 49, 52, 54, 55, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69,
74, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 83, 84, 89, 90, 94, 96, 109, 123, 125, 129,
130, 131, 132, 133, 139, 151, 152, 154, 157, 161, 163, 165, 176, 179,
183, 186, 187, 194, 195, 196, 198, 209, 210, 211.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Ref *Reference number
5- 80 A76 --- Text Complete reference
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Note on Ref:
* Herassimovitch (343) is identical with Gerasimovic (272).
William Huggins' papers are also to be found in "The scientific
papers" of Sir William Huggins, London 1909.
* For (119) the year of publication is not known to the author. The
paper is reviewed in the AJB of 1919. It has, however, very likely
been printed several years earlier as the name of Peiresc is not
mentioned in connection with the discovery of the Orion nebula.
* (574) refers to articles on galactic nebulae by Ranyard. The exact
titles are not known to the author.
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History:
* 29-Jan-2001: Prepared via OCR at CDS.
* 04-Feb-2009: Declination sign corrected for Ced 71 (thanks to
Brian Skiff, Lowell Obs.)
(End) James Marcout, Patricia Bauer, Francois Ochsenbein [CDS] 29-Jan-2001