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IX/56 3XMM-DR7s serendipitous source catalogue from stacks (Traulsen+, 2019)
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3xmmdr7s.dat
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The XMM-Newton serendipitous survey.
VIII. The first XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue from overlapping
observations.
Traulsen I., Schwope A.D., Lamer G., Ballet J., Carrera F., Coriat M.,
Freyberg M.J., Michel L., Motch C., Rosen S.R., Webb N., Ceballos M.T.,
Koliopanos F., Kurpas J., Page M., Watson M.G.
<Astron. Astrophys. 624, A77 (2019)>
=2019A&A...624A..77T
=2019yCat.9056....0T
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ADC_Keywords: Surveys ; X-ray sources
Mission_Name: XMM
Keywords: catalogs - astronomical databases: miscellaneous - surveys -
X-rays: general
Abstract:
XMM-Newton has observed the X-ray sky since the beginning of 2000. The
XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre Consor-tium has been publishing
catalogues of X-ray and ultraviolet sources found serendipitously in
the individual observations. This series is now augmented by a
catalogue dedicated to X-ray sources detected in spatially overlapping
XMM-Newton observations.
This catalogue aims at exploring repeatedly observed sky regions. It
thus makes use of the long(er) effective exposure time per sky area and
offers the opportunity to investigate long-term flux variability
directly through the source detection process.
A new standardised strategy for simultaneous source detection on
multiple observations is introduced, including an adaptive-smoothing
method to describe the image background. It is coded as a new task
edetect_stack within the XMM-NewtonScience Analysis System and used to
compile a catalogue of sources from 434 stacks comprising 1789
overlapping XMM-Newtonobservations that entered the 3XMM-DR7 catalogue
and have a low background and full-frame readout of all EPIC cameras.
The first stacked catalogue is called 3XMM-DR7s. It contains 71 951
unique sources with positions and source parameters like fluxes,
hardness ratios, quality estimate, and information on
inter-observation variability, which are directly derived from
a simultaneous fit and calculated for the stack and for each
contributing observation. More than 8 000 sources are new with respect
to3XMM-DR7. By stacked source detection, the parameters of repeatedly
observed sources can be determined with higher accuracy than in the
individual observations. It is more sensitive to faint sources and
tends to produce fewer spurious detections.
With this first catalogue we demonstrate the feasibility and benefit
of the approach. It supplements the large data base ofXMM-Newton
detections by additional, in particular faint, sources and new
variability information. In the future, it will be expanded to larger
samples and continued within the series of serendipitous XMM-Newton
source catalogues
Description:
The stacked catalogue 3XMM-DR7s has been compiled by the XMM-Newton
Survey Science Centre (XMM-SSC) Consortium from overlapping XMM-Newton
observations with low background and full-frame readout of all EPIC
cameras. 1789 observations have been selected from the public
observations taken between 2000 February 3 and 2016 December 15, which
were used to generate the catalogue 3XMM-DR7, and sorted into 434
stacks. 3XMM-DR7s contains 71,951 unique sources and additional
216,393 rows with source parameters derived for all observations at
the fitted position. The catalogue provides positions and source
parameters like fluxes in the XMM-Newton standard energy bands,
hardness ratios, quality estimate, and information on
inter-observation variability. The parameters are directly derived
from the simultaneous fit, and, wherever applicable, additionally
calculated for each contributing observation. The aim of the catalogue
is to explore the repeatedly observed sky regions and exploit their
survey potential. It thus makes use of the long(er) effective exposure
time per sky area and offers the opportunity to investigate long-term
flux variability directly through the source detection process.
Source parameters are given for the three EPIC instruments,
abbreviated by PN, M1 (MOS1), and M2 (MOS2), and in the five standard
energy bands (1) 0.2-0.5keV, (2) 0.5-1.0keV, (3) 1.0-2.0keV,
(4) 2.0-4.5keV, and (5) 4.5-12.0keV. All-EPIC values cover the full
energy range 0.2-12.0keV. Hardness ratios are calculated as
(H-S)/(H+S) between energy bands H and S: HR1 between energy bands 2
and 1, HR2 between bands 3 and 2, HR3 between bands 4 and 3, and HR4
between bands 5 and 4, respectively. Coordinate equinox is J2000.
Image pixels are binned to a side length of 4arcsec. The minimum
detection likelihood to include a source in the catalogue is six in
the whole stack or at least one contributing observation.
A full description of the catalogue can be found at
http://xmmssc.irap.omp.eu/Catalogue/3XMM-DR7s/3XMM_DR7stack.html
Users of the catalogue are kindly asked to reference the catalogue
paper (Traulsen+ 2019) and to include the following policy statement:
"This research has made use of data obtained from the 3XMM XMM-Newton
serendipitous stacked source catalogue 3XMM-DR7s compiled by the
institutes of the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre selected by ESA."